Thursday, June 17, 2021

COMMON POCHARD BIRD IN NIT AGARTALA, TRIPURA



Common pochard bird is generally known as 'Diving Duck' mostly found in Northern Europe region. The scientific name of the bird is driven from 'aithuia' an unidentified seabird mentioned by author like Hesychius, Aristotle, and Latin Ferina 'Wild game' from ferus 'wild'. 




Common pochard bird are taking snapping in the lake. Some birds are still awakening, it may be some kind of duty for alerting mode for other companions. These birds are so clever, because if anybody tried to come closer than they quickly fly in the sky.



Huge number of the bird has been occupied the surface of the lake water. it may be birds are tired after many thousands journey from northern European region such as Siberia, Norway or Sweden. 



Some Diving duck are taking snapping in the marginal portion of the lake. Some birds are looking for the food resources. Near the lake margin where land mass meets soil are wetted so birds can easily search their food resource from that muddy soil. 


Diving ducks are always flies into making a group. a leader bird will be always in the front, and other will follow him by flying arc shape. This arc shape flight is very helpful during long distance flying. In a recent study scientist found that birds can save 20% their body energy by doing this shape.

Common pochard have very beautiful look, 
The adult male has a long dark bill with a grey band, a red head and neck, a black breast, red eyes and a grey back. The adult female has a brown head and body and a narrower grey bill-band. The triangular head shape is distinctive. Pochards are superficially similar to the closely related North American redhead and canvasback.
These are gregarious birds, forming large flocks in winter, often mixed with other diving ducks such as the tufted duck, with which they are known to hybridise. These birds are habituate to fly into a group. In this photo we can see that Common pochard are flying into making group and acting almost altogether. There they are able to maintain discipline among their community. Most probably this acting are adopted by their new born baby too by following. 


Huge number of the birds are taking shelters in beside land mass portion of the lake. Most probably, they are searching for food resources. This lake has enough food resources to sustain Common pochard for few months, after passing winter they will fly for their native places for breeding. 

Females give hoarse growls. Males have whistles cut off by a final nasal note aaoo-oo-haa. They making pair when they are need. Generally they came here for passing winters, because during winter in Siberian or northern European region winter are so extreme cold (almost every land or sea mass covered by ice sheet). 



These are gregarious birds, forming large flocks in winter, often mixed with other diving ducks such as the tufted duck, with which they are known to hybridise.[citation needed]

These birds feed mainly by diving or dabbling. They eat aquatic plants with some molluscs, aquatic insects and small fish. They often feed at night, and will up-end for food as well as the more characteristic diving. According to the article 'Patterns in the diving behaviour of the pochard, Aythya ferina: a test of an optimality model' Pochard's have a behavioral preference when it comes to their feeding patterns. This behavioral preference is that Pochards prefer shallower water in comparison to deeper water even though the food concentration in deeper water may be higher.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT


Their breeding habitat consists of marshes and lakes with a metre or more water depth. Pochards breed in much of temperate and northern Europe and across the Palearctic. They are migratory, and spend winter in the south and west of Europe.

In the British Isles, birds breed in eastern England and lowland Scotland, in small numbers in Northern Ireland with numbers increasing gradually, and sporadically in the Republic of Ireland, where it may also be increasing. While uncommon, individuals are also occasionally seen in the south of England, and small populations are sometimes observed on the River Thames. Large numbers stay overwinter in Great Britain, after the birds retreat from Russia and Scandinavia.


COMMON POCHARD BIRDS IN THE LAKE OF NIT AGARTALA CAMPUS





They comes to Indian Sub-continent from Northern European countries by flying more than thousands km. Almost every year these area's marshy land and lakes are full of these kind of Siberian birds. They comes here for protecting themselves from hard climate of Siberian region. They feel warmer in compare than Siberian region even here we feel very cold in winter.

We found these Common Pochard bird in NIT Campus of Agartala during winter (December) of 2019. We saw there were full occupied the lake by these birds. For breeding they again goes to their native place in the different parts of the Northern European countries by flying again more than many thousands km flight. 


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